Fred Hampton was an African-American activist and revolutionary, chairman of the Illinois chapter of the Black Panther Party, and deputy chairman of the national Black panther Party. He was also active in the NAACP and worked to achieve social change through non-violent activism and community organizing.
In Chicago he made significant achievements as a leader of the Black panthers. He brokered a non-aggression pact between street gangs, and forged a class-conscious, multi-racial alliance with other activist groups. He coined the phrase 'rainbow coalition' to describe the alliance he forged with Chinese-American and Hispanic-American Leftist groups.
On the morning of December 4th, 1969 he was assassinated with two point-blank shots to the head during a raid by a tactical unit of the Cook County, Illinois State's Attorney's Office, in conjunction with the Chicago Police Department and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. His murder was ruled a justifiable homicide.