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Certainly, communist ideas do predate Marxism, with various philosophers in Ancient Greece, such as Pythagoras and Plato (in his The Republic) propagating the idea of common ownership. Pythagoras of Samos was an Ionian Greek philosopher and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism. It was said that he was the first man to call himself a philosopher, or lover of wisdom, and Pythagorean ideas exercised a marked influence on Plato, and through him, all of Western philosophy.