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José Julián Martí Pérez (January 28, 1853 – May 19, 1895) was a leader of the Cuban independence movement as well as an esteemed poet and writer. He is considered the Cuban people's greatest hero.
Jose Marti was born in Havana when Cuba was still a colony of Spain, to Spanish parents Mariano Martí and Leonor Pérez Cabrera, and was the oldest brother to seven sisters. When he was four years old, his family moved from Cuba to Valencia, Spain, but two years later they returned to the island where they enrolled José at a local public school.
José Martí strongly opposed U.S. involvement in the Cuban War for Independence, calling the United States the Goliath of the Americas. The Spanish-American War ended approximately three years after his death. His best and most revered works were his books for children; La Edad de Oro ("The Golden Age") being the most widely read. One of the poems from his collection Versos Sencillos was later put to music as "Guantanamera," which has become Cuba's most famous song. José Martí International Airport in Havana is named after this leader of Cuban independence.